The Multiple Functions of Gift-Giving in the Ottoman World at the time of Suleiman the Magnificent

The Respect for An Ambassador who portrayed ‘Turkish’ Ways of Life: Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq’s “the Turkish Letters” is a substantial document that presents important insights through the sixteenth century of the Ottoman world. Ferdinand I, the Habsburg Emperor, appoints Busbecq as the ambassador in Istanbul for some eight years to solve tensions between the Habsburgs and …

Dante’s Dream Comes True: Investigating the Reasons for the Italian Unification

Beyond the Alps, beyond the sea, are other peoples, now fighting, or preparing to fight, the holy fight of independence, of nationality, of liberty; other peoples striving by different routes to reach the same goal. Unite with them and they will unite with you. Giuseppe Mazzini This paper is written for HIST 242 (The History of Early Modern Europe) class …

On the verge of dismantling: Spain in the 17th century

This paper is written for HIST 241 (The History of Early Modern Europe) class for Prof. Peter Robert Campbell. He wrote a wide range of articles about the Early Modern French History. He also published a variety of books like  Louis XIV (1661-1715) in 1993 and Power and Politics in Old Regime France (1720-1745) in 1996.  He currently gives lectures on …

The elimination policies of Crimean Tatars’ identity by Stalin and their consequences

This paper is a research paper for ENGL 112 (Academic Writing II). I owe a great deal to Dr. Greta Uehling from the University of Michigan for this research. Her works provided me an amazing ground for my thesis. The best part of this research is that when I sent an email to thank her, she answered with an impressive …

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